Månad: augusti 2021

För två år sedan gick regeringen på pumpen i Lagrådet, när man genom en vanlig lag ville straffbelägga ”deltagande” i en terroristorganisation. De höga juristerna i lagrådet ansåg att förslaget var oförenligt med föreningsfriheten i regeringsformen (RF).

Vad betyder det då att en lag eller ett lagförslag är ”oförenligt” med RF, som är en grundlag? Om en grundlag som RF garanterar exempelvis att medborgarna ska ha en viss rättighet eller att det inte får förekomma dödsstraff, så får inte en vanlig lag innehålla något som strider mot det. Ifall riksdagen trots det stiftar en sådan lag, så får domstolarna ändå inte tillämpa den. Det beror på att grundlagen har, som man säger, högre konstitutionell valör än vanlig lag. För att ändra grundlag krävs två riksdagsbeslut med mellanliggande val.

Enligt RF är det redan idag möjligt att genom lag begränsa föreningsfriheten.  Men bara ifall det handlar som ”sammanslutningar vilkas verksamhet är av militär eller liknande natur eller innebär förföljelse av en folkgrupp på grund av etniskt ursprung, hudfärg eller annat liknande förhållande”. RF ger således inget stöd för att genom lag förbjuda folk att bilda terroristorganisationer eller att delta i sådana. Läs artikel

Ifølge et nytt lovforslag vil Justis- og beredskapsdepartementet straffe «den som rettsstridig samarbeider med fremmed etterretningstjeneste om å utøve påvirkningsvirksomhet». Med «påvirkningsvirksomhet» mener departementet «virksomhet som fremmed etterretningstjeneste utøver med sikte på å påvirke beslutninger eller den allmenne meningsdannelse».

Departementet erkjenner at det å «påvirke beslutninger» eller «den allmenne meningsdannelse» er i kjernen av ytringsfriheten. Like fullt mener man at dersom ytringene har sitt utgangspunkt i en annen stat som vil forsøke å påvirke beslutninger eller meningsdannelsen i Norge, så vil dette «i alminnelighet være av begrenset samfunnsmessig interesse og kan bidra til å undergrave den offentlige debatten i samfunnet.»

Det er all grunn til skepsis når noen vil innføre straffebestemmelser som bygger på at politiet og PST skal avgjøre hvilke ytringer som har samfunnsmessig interesse. Et annet spørsmål er om man kan gradere ytringsfriheten ut fra hvem det er som ytrer seg. Etter Grunnloven er ytringsfriheten lik for alle.

Det er ikke ytringen i seg selv som skal gjøres straffbar, men påvirkningen. Dette vil etter vår mening være en nærmest umulig oppgave å bevise. Läs artikel

A Chinese Foreign Ministry spokesperson urged the United States to abide by the provisions of the three China-U.S. joint communiques, sever military links with Taiwan and stop arms sales to the island.

There is only one China in the world, and Taiwan is an inalienable part of Chinese territory, said spokesperson Hua Chunying at a daily press briefing on Tuesday, which marks the 39th anniversary of the issuance of the August 17 Communique.

Citing relevant U.S. commitments made in the August 17 Communique concerning arms sales to Taiwan, Hua said the three China-U.S. joint communiques constitute the political foundation of bilateral relations, the essential core of which is the one-China principle, which the U.S. side should strictly follow.

Hua said that, in fact, the United States has conducted ”official” exchanges with Taiwan and sold various kinds of weapons to the island in constant breach of its own promises, to help Taiwan expand the so-called international space. She cited multiple batches of arms sales to Taiwan by U.S. administrations, including a plan recently announced by the Biden administration to sell weaponry to Taiwan worth around 750 million U.S. dollars. Läs artikel

Under 1800-talet låg Afghanistan klämt mellan två expansiva stormakter: Ryssland i norr och brittiska Indien i sydost. Kampen om inflytande i den här delen av Asien – i kolonialistisk anda kallat the Great Game – har kommit att prägla Afghanistan långt in i vår tid.

Indien var det brittiska imperiets pärla och från denna position kände sig Storbritannien hotat av det makthungriga Ryssland. Dess tsarer kom under 1800-talets lopp att lägga en rad khanat och emirat kring Kaspiska havet under sig. I London såg många en ockupation av ”buffertstaten” Afghanistan som lösningen på problemet. I den brittiska pressen beskrevs landets härskare, Dost Muhammed Khan, som oroväckande ryssvänlig och röster höjdes för att han borde ersättas av en mer brittisktrogen regent.

Hertigen av Wellington var skeptisk, men utrikesministern lord Palmerston och generalguvernören i Indien, lord Auckland, blev allt mer entusiastiska, ivrigt påhejade av journalister och allmänhet. Läs artikel

For the first time, the transatlantic alliance has lost a war. The trauma of that experience—and the sidelining of its European members—has big implications for NATO’s future.

In early May, as European countries were waiting for an answer from US President Joe Biden on whether he would stick to the Afghanistan withdrawal timeline his predecessor Donald Trump had agreed with the Taliban, European Union foreign ministers met in Brussels to discuss the situation. From the meeting notes, it’s clear they weren’t happy.

There was a consensus that a cast-iron guarantee was needed from the Taliban of their commitment to a ceasefire and political solution before withdrawal could take place. They noted that the consequences of a hasty withdrawal would be felt more by Europe than by the United States, posing a “direct threat to European key security interests” and “triggering mass migration flows to Europe.”

Yet despite these misgivings, the Europeans felt completely powerless in the situation. […]

So what action was decided in Brussels and London to respond to these grave concerns? Nothing. They simply waited to be instructed by President Biden on what they were all going to do. There is perhaps no more poignant and catastrophic illustration of the central problem confronting the North Atlantic Treaty Organization. […]

This is the biggest debacle that NATO has suffered since its founding,” said Armin Laschet, the leader of the center-right Christian Democratic Union (CDU) who is expected to replace Merkel as German chancellor after September’s election. “We will talk about the causes and conclusions drawn after this rescue mission—a no-holds-barred analysis of errors in Germany, with our allies and in the international community,” he said. Läs artikel

August 16 th.

The members of the Security Council called for an immediate cessation of all hostilities and the establishment, through inclusive negotiations, of a new Government that is united, inclusive and representative — including with the full, equal and meaningful participation of women.  They underlined that institutional continuity and adherence to Afghanistan’s international obligations, as well as the safety and security of all Afghan and international citizens, must be ensured.

The members of the Security Council called for an immediate end to the violence in Afghanistan, the restoration of security, civil and constitutional order, and urgent talks to resolve the current crisis of authority in the country and to arrive at a peaceful settlement through an Afghan-led, Afghan-owned process of national reconciliation.  They underscored that a sustainable end to the conflict in Afghanistan can only be achieved through an inclusive, just, durable and realistic political settlement that upholds human rights, including for women, children and minorities.  The members of the Security Council called on parties to adhere to international norms and standards on human rights and put an end to all abuses and violations in this regard. Läs uttalandet

Over the past year, ships have crowded along the coast of the Gydan Peninsula where natural gas company Novatek is developing its new Arctic LNG 2 project. Massive volumes of construction goods are needed for the building of the port terminal that ultimately will handle almost 20 million tons of liquified natural gas per year.

The shipments to the area culminated after sea-ice in the shallow bay melted this July, and up to 50 ships have lately simultaneously amassed in the waters near the Utrenny port terminal.

On the 16th of August, a total of 45 ships were located in the waters near the new seaport. In addition, another about 100 vessels were located in other parts of the Ob Bay, most of them near the Sabetta port, the Novy Port oil terminal, and the drill site of jackup rig. Läs artikel